Description

Theory
2

Theory/Practice
2

Instructors

Carlos Silva Santos

Contents

1. Introduction (7%)

2. Pressure distribution in a fluid (20%): Pressure and pressure gradient; equilibrium of a fluid element; Hydrostatic forces on surfaces; Pressure on rigid-body motion; pressure measurement

3. Integral relations for control volumes (20%): Fundamental laws; Reynolds transport theorem; Mass conservation, linear momentum, angular momentum and energy equations; Bernoulli equation

4. Dimensional Analysis and similarity (7%)

5. Viscous flow in ducts (26%): Flow regimes and Reynolds number; Reynolds stresses; Flow in circular and non-circular ducts; Friction and localised losses; Multiple-pipe systems; Fluid Meters

6. External flow (20%): Geometry and Reynolds number effects; Momentum integral estimates; Boundary layer equations; Flat plate boundary layer; Boundary layers with pressure gradient; Flow over cylinders and spheres

Learning Outcomes

Upon frequenting and passing the subject, the students should know how to:
(A) identify the thermophysical properties of fluids (chap. 1)
(B) determine the pressure distribution of a fluid at rest or in rigid body motion (chap. 2)
(C) apply the conservation laws to fluid dynamics problems (chap. 3)
(D) use dimensional analysis to simplify the complexity of a problem and highlight the relevant physical ratios (chap.4)
(E) analyse internal flows to determine duct diameters, head losses and flow rates (chap.5)
(F) identify the structure of the flow near a rigid wall and analyse boundary-layer flows over simple geometries